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CD44 and breast cancer are reported together in 14 articles.
Gene
CD44
- HGNC
- HGNC:1681
74articles
74mentions
2variants with confirmed gene link
Most co-reported phenotypes (articles)
breast cancer 14colorectal cancer 7lung cancer 4diabetes mellitus 3ovarian cancer 3epilepsy 2hepatocellular carcinoma 2inflammatory bowel disease 2
Reported variants (articles · ClinVar status)
Phenotype
Breast cancer
1,211articles
1,211mentions
12co-reported genes shown
Most co-reported genes (articles)
Counts are literature co-mentions in SaudiVarKB, not clinical or causal assertions. Gene details: HGNC; variant status: ClinVar via dbSNP.
Publications
14 records shown · first 60The protective and chemotherapeutical role of amygdalin in induced mammary cancer in experimental mice and upregulation of related genes.
PMID 40097629 | PMCID PMC11914690 | DOI 10.1038/s41598-025-93620-2 · Scientific reports · 2025 · 3 validated mentions
Evidence preview
| Type | Entity | Source evidence | Confidence | Extractor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gene | CD44 | “Moreover, flow cytometric analysis revealed that amygdalin administrations were correlated with CD20 and CD44 and promoted the cell cycle and apoptosis in carcinogenic mice.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| phenotype | breast cancer | “Breast cancer is a prominent health issue among oncological diseases in emerging nations.” | 0.98 | phenotype_alias_lexicon_v2 |
| gene | PRL | “Results revealed that DMBA-induced breast cancer caused a significant increase in biochemical parameters such as CEA, CA15.3, CA125, PRL, E2, urea, creatinine, ALT, AST, and ALP and a substantial increase in gene expression of TNF-α and BcL-2.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
A novel clinically relevant antagonistic interplay between prolactin and oncogenic YAP-CCN2 pathways as a differentiation therapeutic target in breast cancer.
PMID 40157909 | PMCID PMC11954952 | DOI 10.1038/s41419-025-07547-7 · Cell death & disease · 2025 · 3 validated mentions
Evidence preview
| Type | Entity | Source evidence | Confidence | Extractor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gene | CD44 | “The therapeutic potential of this interplay was also evaluated in vitro using MDA-MB-231 cells, a preclinical model of human triple-negative breast cancer, where treatment with PRL and Verteporfin, an FDA-approved pharmacological YAP-inhibitor, alone or their combination suppressed the expression of the mesenchymal marker vimentin and the stem cell marker CD44 as well as reduced their Ki67 proliferative marker expression.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| phenotype | breast cancer | “A novel clinically relevant antagonistic interplay between prolactin and oncogenic YAP-CCN2 pathways as a differentiation therapeutic target in breast cancer.” | 0.98 | phenotype_alias_lexicon_v2 |
| gene | PRLR | “We report a novel functional antagonistic relationship between the prolactin (PRL)/prolactin receptor (PRLR) differentiation pathway and YAP-CCN2 oncogenic pathway in normal mammary epithelial cells and breast cancer cells that is essential for establishing/maintaining acinar morphogenesis, cell-cell junctions and the intracellular localization of apical-basal polarity protein complexes (Par, Crumb and Scrib).” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
Light-activated multimodal nanoplatform for enhanced synergistic therapy of breast cancer.
PMID 40676066 | PMCID PMC12271506 | DOI 10.1038/s41598-025-11165-w · Scientific reports · 2025 · 2 validated mentions
Evidence preview
| Type | Entity | Source evidence | Confidence | Extractor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gene | CD44 | “To overcome the drawback of poor water solubility of PDT, HA/G3139/Ce6@Fe3O4 nanosystem was synthesized, which combines the benefits of G3139 antisense oligonucleotides for gene therapy and hyaluronic acid for encapsulation and targeting CD44 receptor.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| phenotype | breast cancer | “Light-activated multimodal nanoplatform for enhanced synergistic therapy of breast cancer.” | 0.98 | phenotype_alias_lexicon_v2 |
Isolation and Establishment of a Highly Proliferative, Cancer Stem Cell-Like, and Naturally Immortalized Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Line, KAIMRC2.
PMID 34073849 | PMCID PMC8225085 | DOI 10.3390/cells10061303 · Cells · 2021 · 4 validated mentions
Evidence preview
| Type | Entity | Source evidence | Confidence | Extractor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gene | CD44 | “Immunocytochemistry showed a significant ratio of the KAIMRC2 cells' expressing key breast epithelial and cancer stem cells (CSCs) markers, including CD47, CD133, CD49f, CD44, and ALDH-1A1.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| phenotype | breast cancer | “Isolation and Establishment of a Highly Proliferative, Cancer Stem Cell-Like, and Naturally Immortalized Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Line, KAIMRC2.” | 0.98 | phenotype_alias_lexicon_v2 |
| gene | CD47 | “Immunocytochemistry showed a significant ratio of the KAIMRC2 cells' expressing key breast epithelial and cancer stem cells (CSCs) markers, including CD47, CD133, CD49f, CD44, and ALDH-1A1.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This cell line is derived from a Saudi Arabian female breast cancer patient with invasive ductal carcinoma.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
Prolactin receptor-driven combined luminal and epithelial differentiation in breast cancer restricts plasticity, stemness, tumorigenesis and metastasis.
PMID 33446633 | PMCID PMC7809050 | DOI 10.1038/s41389-020-00297-5 · Oncogenesis · 2021 · 3 validated mentions
Evidence preview
| Type | Entity | Source evidence | Confidence | Extractor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gene | CD44 | “Loss of PRLR expression in HR+ breast cancer cells caused their dedifferentiation generating a mesenchymal-basal-like phenotype enriched in CD44+ breast cancer stem-like cells (BCSCs) showing high tumorigenic and metastatic capacities and resistance to anti-hormonal therapy.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| phenotype | breast cancer | “Prolactin receptor-driven combined luminal and epithelial differentiation in breast cancer restricts plasticity, stemness, tumorigenesis and metastasis.” | 0.98 | phenotype_alias_lexicon_v2 |
| gene | PRLR | “We found that interfering with expression of the receptor for the lactogenic hormone prolactin (PRLR) in breast cancer cells representative of the luminal and epithelial breast cancer subtypes (hormone receptor positive (HR+) and HER2-enriched (HER2-E) resulted in loss of their differentiation state, enriched for stem-like cell subpopulations, and increased their tumorigenic capacity in a subtype-specific manner.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
Elevated MMP9 expression in breast cancer is a predictor of shorter patient survival.
PMID 32445177 | PMCID PMC7297818 | DOI 10.1007/s10549-020-05670-x · Breast cancer research and treatment · 2020 · 5 validated mentions
Evidence preview
| Type | Entity | Source evidence | Confidence | Extractor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gene | CD44 | “Elevated MMP9 protein expression correlated significantly with cytokeratin 17 (Ck17), Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), proliferation (Ki67) biomarkers, cell surface adhesion receptor (CD44) and cell division control protein 42 (CDC42).” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| phenotype | breast cancer | “Elevated MMP9 expression in breast cancer is a predictor of shorter patient survival.” | 0.98 | phenotype_alias_lexicon_v2 |
| gene | MMP9 | “Elevated MMP9 expression in breast cancer is a predictor of shorter patient survival.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | EGFR | “Elevated MMP9 protein expression correlated significantly with cytokeratin 17 (Ck17), Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), proliferation (Ki67) biomarkers, cell surface adhesion receptor (CD44) and cell division control protein 42 (CDC42).” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
Thymoquinone Enhances Paclitaxel Anti-Breast Cancer Activity via Inhibiting Tumor-Associated Stem Cells Despite Apparent Mathematical Antagonism.
PMID 31968657 | PMCID PMC7024316 | DOI 10.3390/molecules25020426 · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020 · 2 validated mentions
Evidence preview
| Type | Entity | Source evidence | Confidence | Extractor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gene | CD44 | “Furthermore, TQ was found to significantly decrease breast cancer-associated stem cell clone (CD44+/CD24-cell) in both MCF-7 and T47D cells.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| phenotype | breast cancer | “Using human breast cancer cells, we evaluated the chemomodulatory effect of TQ on paclitaxel (PTX).” | 0.98 | phenotype_alias_lexicon_v2 |
Knockdown of CD-74 in the Proliferative and Apoptotic Activity of Breast Cancer Cells.
PMID 31949511 | PMCID PMC6953917 | DOI 10.3889/oamjms.2019.354 · Open access Macedonian journal of medical sciences · 2019 · 4 validated mentions
Evidence preview
| Type | Entity | Source evidence | Confidence | Extractor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gene | CD44 | “METHODS: Expression of CD74, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and CD44 was assayed in CAMA-1 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines using flow cytometry.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| phenotype | breast cancer | “Knockdown of CD-74 in the Proliferative and Apoptotic Activity of Breast Cancer Cells.” | 0.98 | phenotype_alias_lexicon_v2 |
| gene | CD74 | “AIM: The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression and potential roles of CD74 in the proliferative and apoptotic activity of breast cancer.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | MIF | “METHODS: Expression of CD74, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and CD44 was assayed in CAMA-1 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines using flow cytometry.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
Cytoprotective effect of neuropeptides on cancer stem cells: vasoactive intestinal peptide-induced antiapoptotic signaling.
PMID 28569785 | PMCID PMC5520887 | DOI 10.1038/cddis.2017.226 · Cell death & disease · 2017 · 3 validated mentions
Evidence preview
| Type | Entity | Source evidence | Confidence | Extractor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gene | CD44 | “We enriched and purified CSCs (CD44+/high/CD24-/low or CD133+ population) from breast and prostate cancer cell lines, and demonstrated their stemness phenotype.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| phenotype | breast cancer | “Using pharmacological inhibitors and dominant-negative proteins, we showed that VIP-induced cytoprotection and BAD phosphorylation are mediated via both Ras/MAPK and PKA pathways in CSCs of prostate cancer LNCaP and C4-2 cells, but only PKA signaling was involved in CSCs of DUVIPR (DU145 prostate cancer cells ectopically expressing VIP receptor) and breast cancer MCF7 cells.” | 0.98 | phenotype_alias_lexicon_v2 |
| phenotype | prostate cancer | “We enriched and purified CSCs (CD44+/high/CD24-/low or CD133+ population) from breast and prostate cancer cell lines, and demonstrated their stemness phenotype.” | 0.98 | phenotype_alias_lexicon_v2 |
Measurements of heterotypic associations between cluster of differentiation CD74 and CD44 in human breast cancer-derived cells.
PMID 29190904 | PMCID PMC5696170 | DOI 10.18632/oncotarget.20922 · Oncotarget · 2017 · 3 validated mentions
Evidence preview
| Type | Entity | Source evidence | Confidence | Extractor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gene | CD44 | “Measurements of heterotypic associations between cluster of differentiation CD74 and CD44 in human breast cancer-derived cells.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| phenotype | breast cancer | “Here we demonstrate clear heterotypic interaction between CD74 and CD44, which might act in synergy and hence contribute to breast cancer progression.” | 0.98 | phenotype_alias_lexicon_v2 |
| gene | CD74 | “Measurements of heterotypic associations between cluster of differentiation CD74 and CD44 in human breast cancer-derived cells.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
Abstracts from the 3rd International Genomic Medicine Conference (3rd IGMC 2015) : Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 30 November - 3 December 2015.
PMID 27454254 | PMCID PMC4959372 | DOI 10.1186/s12864-016-2858-0 · BMC genomics · 2016 · 46 validated mentions
Evidence preview
| Type | Entity | Source evidence | Confidence | Extractor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gene | CD44 | “Al-Qahtani P79 Prognostic significance of CD44 expression profile in colorectal carcinoma Maryam Al-Zahrani, Sahira Lary, Sahar Hakamy, Ashraf Dallol, Mahmoud Al-Ahwal, Jaudah Al-Maghrabi, Emmanuel Dermitzakis, Adel Abuzenadah, Abdelbaset Buhmeida, Mohammed Al-Qahtani P80 Association of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene G894T polymorphism with hypertension risk and complications Abeer A Al-refai, Mona Saleh, Rehab I Yassien, Mahmmoud Kamel, Rabab M Habeb P81 SNPs array to screen genetic variation among diabetic patients Najlaa Filimban, Ashraf Dallol, Nadia Ghannam, Mohammed Al-Qahtani, Adel Mohammed Abuzenadah P82 Detection and genotyping of Helicobacter pylori among gastric cancer patients from Saudi Arabian population Fehmida Bibi, Sana Akhtar, Esam I.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| phenotype | breast cancer | “Al-Qahtani O19 A new look to reproductive medicine in the era of genomics Serdar Coskun P1 Wnt signalling receptors expression in Saudi breast cancer patients Muhammad Abu-Elmagd, Abdelbaset Buhmeida, Ashraf Dallol, Jaudah Al-Maghrabi, Sahar Hakamy, Wejdan Al-Qahtani, Asia Al-Harbi, Shireen Hussain, Mourad Assidi, Mohammed Al-Qahtani, Adel Abuzenadah P2 Analysis of oxidative stress interactome during spermatogenesis: a systems biology approach to reproduction Burak Ozkosem, Rick DuBois P3 Interleukin-18 gene variants are strongly associated with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss.” | 0.98 | phenotype_alias_lexicon_v2 |
| gene | KIF2A | “Shay O2 The microtubule destabilizer KIF2A regulates the postnatal establishment of neuronal circuits in addition to prenatal cell survival, cell migration, and axon elongation, and its loss leading to malformation of cortical development and severe epilepsy Noriko Homma, Ruyun Zhou, Muhammad Imran Naseer, Adeel G.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | RPL27A | “Saini, Awatif Jamal, Jaudah Al-Maghrabi, Adel Abuzenadah, Adeel Chaudhary, Mohammed Al Qahtani, Ghazi Damanhouri O5 RPL27A is a target of miR-595 and deficiency contributes to ribosomal dysgenesis Heba Alkhatabi O6 Next generation DNA sequencing panels for haemostatic and platelet disorders and for Fanconi anaemia in routine diagnostic service Anne Goodeve, Laura Crookes, Nikolas Niksic, Nicholas Beauchamp O7 Targeted sequencing panels and their utilization in personalized medicine Adel M.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
Combination therapy targeting both cancer stem-like cells and bulk tumor cells for improved efficacy of breast cancer treatment.
PMID 27259361 | PMCID PMC4990396 | DOI 10.1080/15384047.2016.1190488 · Cancer biology & therapy · 2016 · 3 validated mentions
Evidence preview
| Type | Entity | Source evidence | Confidence | Extractor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gene | CD44 | “We generated in vitro mammosphere of 2 breast cancer cell lines, and demonstrated ability of mammospheres to grow and enrich cancer cells with stem-like properties, including self-renewal, multilineage differentiation and enrichment of cells expressing breast cancer stem-like cell biomarkers CD44(+)/CD24(-/low).” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| phenotype | breast cancer | “Combination therapy targeting both cancer stem-like cells and bulk tumor cells for improved efficacy of breast cancer treatment.” | 0.98 | phenotype_alias_lexicon_v2 |
| gene | CD24 | “We generated in vitro mammosphere of 2 breast cancer cell lines, and demonstrated ability of mammospheres to grow and enrich cancer cells with stem-like properties, including self-renewal, multilineage differentiation and enrichment of cells expressing breast cancer stem-like cell biomarkers CD44(+)/CD24(-/low).” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
Bidirectional crosstalk between PD-L1 expression and epithelial to mesenchymal transition: significance in claudin-low breast cancer cells.
PMID 26245467 | PMCID PMC4527106 | DOI 10.1186/s12943-015-0421-2 · Molecular cancer · 2015 · 4 validated mentions
Evidence preview
| Type | Entity | Source evidence | Confidence | Extractor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gene | CD44 | “Importantly, specific downregulation of PD-L1 in claudin-low breast cancer cells showed signs of EMT reversal as manifested by CD44 and Vimentin downregulation and CD24 upregulation.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| phenotype | breast cancer | “Bidirectional crosstalk between PD-L1 expression and epithelial to mesenchymal transition: significance in claudin-low breast cancer cells.” | 0.98 | phenotype_alias_lexicon_v2 |
| gene | CD274 | “BACKGROUND: The T-cell inhibitory molecule PD-L1 (B7-H1, CD274) is expressed on tumor cells of a subset of breast cancer patients.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | CD24 | “Importantly, specific downregulation of PD-L1 in claudin-low breast cancer cells showed signs of EMT reversal as manifested by CD44 and Vimentin downregulation and CD24 upregulation.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
Koenimbin, a natural dietary compound of Murraya koenigii (L) Spreng: inhibition of MCF7 breast cancer cells and targeting of derived MCF7 breast cancer stem cells (CD44(+)/CD24(-/low)): an in vitro study.
PMID 25759564 | PMCID PMC4346015 | DOI 10.2147/DDDT.S72127 · Drug design, development and therapy · 2015 · 3 validated mentions
Evidence preview
| Type | Entity | Source evidence | Confidence | Extractor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gene | CD44 | “Koenimbin, a natural dietary compound of Murraya koenigii (L) Spreng: inhibition of MCF7 breast cancer cells and targeting of derived MCF7 breast cancer stem cells (CD44(+)/CD24(-/low)): an in vitro study.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| phenotype | breast cancer | “Koenimbin, a natural dietary compound of Murraya koenigii (L) Spreng: inhibition of MCF7 breast cancer cells and targeting of derived MCF7 breast cancer stem cells (CD44(+)/CD24(-/low)): an in vitro study.” | 0.98 | phenotype_alias_lexicon_v2 |
| gene | CD24 | “Koenimbin, a natural dietary compound of Murraya koenigii (L) Spreng: inhibition of MCF7 breast cancer cells and targeting of derived MCF7 breast cancer stem cells (CD44(+)/CD24(-/low)): an in vitro study.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |