ACE2
HGNC:13557 · 95 retained evidence mentions
Source-grounded findings
Supporting evidence
| Type | Entity | Source evidence | Confidence | Extractor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gene | ACE2 | “Structural modeling utilizing AlphaFold 3 exposed a native-like fold, which was confirmed by molecular docking with the human ACE2 receptor.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) functions as an essential co-receptor for SARS-CoV-2, facilitating viral entry by binding the spike protein's C-end rule (CendR) motif in its b1 domain, yet it has received less attention than ACE2 in therapeutic development.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Structural Insights into the Receptor-Binding Domain of Bat Coronavirus HKU5-CoV-2: Implications for Zoonotic Transmission via ACE2.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein enables viral entry by binding to the human ACE2 receptor, making it a critical target for antiviral intervention.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Potential relationships between circulating gene expression of ACE2, TLR4, and IL-17 and disease severity and outcome of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “SARS-CoV-2 spike mutations alter structure and energetics to modulate ACE2 binding immune evasion and viral adaptation.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Our findings suggest that the QX strain may bind to angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptors by circulating throughout the lymphatic system at the very least and influence the translation of argonaute2 (AGO2), Dicer, exportin5 (XPO5), and Drosha proteins.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “OBJECTIVES: The rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and the emergence of new variants have resulted in mutations in the Spike protein's receptor-binding domain (RBD), enhancing its binding affinity to the ACE2 receptor and increasing viral transmissibility.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Understanding the association of cell-surface proteins (ACE2 and GRP78) facilitating pathogen recognition: a computational approach.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Molecular basis of convergent evolution of ACE2 receptor utilization among HKU5 coronaviruses.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “We measured SARS-CoV-2 anti-S IgG antibodies and then assessed their neutralizing capacity to inhibit the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 wild-type strain and omicron B.1.1.529/BA.2 variants from binding to the ACE2 receptors.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “This study focused on two recent Omicron subvariants, XBB.1.5 and CH.1.1, which are known for their high affinity for the human ACE2 receptor.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “OBJECTIVE: Recently, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) gene has emerged as a potential candidate gene for susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “The transmembrane glycoprotein angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a key component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS).” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “This study investigates how these mutations alter the interaction network and dynamic properties of the Omicron receptor-binding domain (RBD) compared to the wild-type virus, focusing on its binding affinity to the human ACE2 (hACE2) receptor.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “The virus enters the host by engaging in a molecular interaction between the viral Spike glycoprotein (S protein) and the host ACE2 receptor, facilitating membrane fusion and initiating infection.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “MSCs-EVs reduced inflammation markers and normalized blood indices via the suppression of viral entry by regulating ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Molecular basis of convergent evolution of ACE2 receptor utilization among HKU5 coronaviruses.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Impact of mutations in SARS-CoV-2 recombinant sub-variant XBB.1.16 on the binding affinity with human ACE2 receptor.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Not only have we found that CAPs frequently overlap with well-known functional sites, but also, using several different dynamics-based metrics, we reveal the critical allosteric interplay between SARS-CoV-2 CAPs and the S protein binding sites with the human ACE2 (hACE2) protein.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “BACKGROUND: Given the sparse data on the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and its biological effector molecules ACE1 and ACE2 in pediatric COVID-19 cases, we investigated whether the ACE1 insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism could be a genetic marker for susceptibility to COVID-19 in Egyptian children and adolescents.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Not only have we found that CAPs frequently overlap with well-known functional sites, but also, using several different dynamics-based metrics, we reveal the critical allosteric interplay between SARS-CoV-2 CAPs and the S protein binding sites with the human ACE2 (hACE2) protein.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Interestingly, Zn deficiency has been correlated with enhanced SARS-CoV-2 viral entry through interaction between the ACE2 receptor and viral spike protein.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “To cure this virus, the human Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptor, the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), and spike proteins were found to be likely candidates for the synthesis of novel therapeutic drug.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Elevated levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression are associated with producing various coronavirus peptidases.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “These results mirror the observation that variants that downregulate ACE2, the SARS-CoV-2 receptor, protect against COVID-19 (ref.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “ACE2/ACE imbalance mediates bisphenol A-induced lung injury in Wistar rats: Results from captopril versus losartan histo-biochemical study.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Non-synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Human ACE2 Gene May Affect the Infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) receptor cell entry mechanism of this virus has not changed despite the vast mutation in emerging variants.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “SARS-CoV-2 virus associated angiotensin converting enzyme 2 expression modulation in colorectal cancer: Insights from mRNA and protein analysis COVID-19 associated (ACE2) expression in colorectal cancer.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Cell free ACE2 RNA: A potential biomarker of COVID-19 severity.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Therefore, PuE had considerable antioxidant activity, which scavenged 93% of DPPH˙, inhibited the viability of MCF-7, HCT, and HeLa cell lines by 84, 82, and 80%, respectively, and inhibited 82% of the interaction between the binding between Spike and ACE2 compared to a SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor test kit.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Accordingly, and by using bio-layer interferometry (BLI) assays, RS was able to significantly weaken the affinity between RBD (of both variants) and ACE2.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “We tested the affinity of Omicron for ACE2 and found that the wild- and mutant-spike proteins were using atomistic molecular dynamics simulations.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “C1q via its globular heads and C4BP were found to reduce binding as well as viral transduction of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein expressing lentiviral pseudotypes into transfected A549 cells expressing human ACE2 and TMPRSS2.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “The XBB.1.5 slightly increase the binding affinity for host receptor ACE2 and exhibit strongest immune escaping features: molecular modeling and free energy calculation.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Molecular dynamic and bioinformatic studies of metformin-induced ACE2 phosphorylation in the presence of different SARS-CoV-2 S protein mutations.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “SR-BI is colocalized with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) increasing the binding and affinity of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 with subsequent viral internalization.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Impact of ACE2 gene variations on COVID-19 pathogenicity in Pakistani patients.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “OBJECTIVES: Determine associations of demographic, clinical, laboratory, and single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ACE2, TMPRSS2, TNF-α, and IFN-γ genes to the incidence of infection and mortality in COVID-19 patients.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Comprehensive deep mutational scanning reveals the pH induced stability and binding differences between SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD and human ACE2.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “More than half of those mutations were found in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) that directly interacts with human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2).” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “The viral spike protein (S) significantly contributes to host cell entry, and mutations associated with it, particularly in the receptor-binding protein (RBD), either facilitate the escape of virus from neutralizing antibodies or enhance its transmission by increasing the affinity for cell entry receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2).” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “The severity of COVID-19 in hypertensive patients is associated with mirSNPs in the 3' UTR of ACE2 that associate with miR-3658: In silico and in vitro studies.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “SARS-CoV-2 shows neuroinvasive and neurotropic capabilities through a neuronal angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is also highly expressed in both neuronal and glial cells.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “BACKGROUND: Renin-angiotensin system and its ACE2/Ang(1-7)/Mas receptor axis regulates skeletal response to multiple physiological and pathological conditions.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Protein-protein docking with Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and monoclonal antibody (4A8) revealed that mutation G446V in the receptor-binding domain; R102S and G181V in the N-terminal domain (NTD) significantly affected the binding and thus increased the infectivity.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “The previous mechanism of COVID-19, based on ACE2 tropism and explained through a single receptor, is insufficient to explain the pathogenesis due to the absence of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors in most of the affected organs.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Thus, in this study, we aim to identify antiviral compounds against the Spike protein of Omicron, which binds to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and facilitates virus invasion.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Deciphering the Impact of Mutations on the Binding Efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta Variants With Human ACE2 Receptor.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “The results show that ACE2 (angiotensin I-converting enzyme 2) might act as a protective protein for cardiovascular diseases; however, only a few studies in human populations have been carried out.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 from Wuhan strain to Omicron B.1.1.529 attributes increased affinity to variable structures of human ACE2.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Out of several potential drug targets such as S protein, human ACE2, TMPRSS2 (transmembrane protease serine 2), 3CLpro, RdRp, and PLpro (papain-like protease), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) is a vital enzyme for viral RNA replication in the mammalian host cell and is one of the legitimate targets for the development of therapeutics against this disease.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Differential impact of the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2 rs4343 G>A) and miR-196a2 rs11614913 C>T gene alterations in COVID-19 disease severity and mortality.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “In silico mutational analysis of ACE2 to check the susceptibility of lung cancer patients towards COVID-19.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Fc fusions have been used to improve pharmacokinetics and boost the affinity and avidity of ACE2 decoys for the virus spike protein.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “The large number of mutations in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein is responsible for strengthening of the spike-angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) interaction, thereby explaining the elevated threat.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “In silico investigations of heparin binding to SARS-CoV-2 variants with a focus at the RBD/ACE2 interface.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2), an enzymatic receptor, is chosen to be the biorecognition unit due to its high binding affinity towards spike proteins as a key-lock model.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “The role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) genetic variations in COVID-19 infection: a literature review.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Structural and functional insights into the major mutations of SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD and its interaction with human ACE2 receptor.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “The effective indels were observed in the gene encoding the spike protein that is responsible for viral attachment to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) cell receptor and initiating infection.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Emerging of composition variations of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and human ACE2 contribute to the level of infection: in silico approaches.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “In the novel SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) as a global emergency event, the main reason of the cardiac injury from COVID-19 is angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) targeting in SARS-CoV-2 infection.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Using network topology parameters, phenotype associations, and functional similarity analysis with ACE2 and TMPRSS2-two key receptors for this virus-we identified 17 genes with high connectivity (CXCL10, IDO1, LEPR, MME, PTAFR, PTGS2, MAOB, PDE4B, PLA2G2A, COL5A1, ICAM1, SERPINE1, ABCB1, IL1R1, ITGAL, NCAM1 and PRKD1) potentially contributing to the clinical severity of COVID-19 infection in patients with comorbidities.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “ACE2 polymorphisms impact COVID-19 severity in obese patients.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Correlations between Kidney and Heart Function Bioindicators and the Expressions of Toll-Like, ACE2, and NRP-1 Receptors in COVID-19.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Host genetics impact on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced immunoglobulin levels and dynamics: The role of TP53, ABO, APOE, ACE2, HLA-A, and CRP genes.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “ACE2 and TMPRSS2 SNPs as Determinants of Susceptibility to, and Severity of, a COVID-19 Infection.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Key transcriptional factors, such as p53 and NF-kB and their reciprocal balance, are altered upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as other key molecules such as the virus host cell entry mediator ACE2, member of the RAS-pathway.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “ACE2 expression in adipose tissue is associated with cardio-metabolic risk factors and cell type composition-implications for COVID-19.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “In this study, molecular docking experiments were carried out using the recently reported experimental structure of omicron spike protein in complex with human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and various antivirals in preclinical and clinical trial studies.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Antiviral Effects of Artemisinin and Its Derivatives against SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease: Computational Evidences and Interactions with ACE2 Allelic Variants.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Progress in the study of Covid-19 disease in rodents has been hampered by the lack of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2; virus entry route to the target cell) affinities for the virus spike proteins across species.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Impact of the Double Mutants on Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 Lineage on the Human ACE2 Receptor Binding: A Structural Insight.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Several reports have highlighted the importance of ACE2 on the pathogenesis of COVID-19.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Most striking is the fact that ACE2, one of the major components of the RAAS, is a prerequisite for SARS-COV-2 infection.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “The derivatives 4b and 4c were examined in vitro for their potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 and it was revealed that 4c was the most promising compound with IC50 reached 758.8108 mM and complete (100%) inhibition of the binding of SARS-CoV-2 virus to human ACE2 can be accomplished by using 0.01 mg.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Investigation of nonsynonymous mutations in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and its interaction with the ACE2 receptor by molecular docking and MM/GBSA approach.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “SARS-CoV-2 infection is mediated by the binding of virus spike protein to Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2).” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “One such strategy is to target ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme2)-Spike protein RBD (receptor binding domain) interaction.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine Interact Differently with ACE2 Domains Reported to Bind with the Coronavirus Spike Protein: Mediation by ACE2 Polymorphism.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and its homologue, ACE2, are commonly allied with hypertension, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system pathway, and other cardiovascular system disorders.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “In reality, the expression of cardiac ACE2 is implicated as a target point for SARS-CoV-2-induced acute cardiac injury.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “SARS-CoV-2 invades cells via the ACE2 receptor, which is widely expressed in the central nervous system, where the virus may precipitate or accelerate dementia.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Molecular docking studies have demonstrated high binding affinities of propolis derivatives to multiple SARS-CoV-2 proteins, including 3C-like protease (3CLpro), papain-like protease (PLpro), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein (S-protein), and helicase (NSP13), as well as to the viral target angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2).” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “The kidney tissue and its cells are targeted massively by the coronaviruses due to the abundant presence of ACE2 and Dpp4 receptors on kidney cells.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “The S protein mediates the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into cells through binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “SARS-CoV-2: Understanding the Transcriptional Regulation of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and the Role of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) at Codon 72 of p53 in the Innate Immune Response against Virus Infection.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “The spike protein (S) of this virus enables binding to the human receptor ACE2, and hence presents a prime target for vaccines preventing viral entry into host cells.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “ACE2 expression in adipose tissue is associated with COVID-19 cardio-metabolic risk factors and cell type composition.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Airways Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Receptor, ACE2, and TMPRSS2 Is Lower in Children Than Adults and Increases with Smoking and COPD.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “Of 59 tested medications, 56% modified ACE2 expression, whereas 24% modified TMPRSS2 expression.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “ACE2 as Drug Target of COVID-19 Virus Treatment, Simplified Updated Review.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |
| gene | ACE2 | “For this reason, we investigated the involvement of genetic factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection with a focus on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-related genes, because ACE2 is a receptor for SARS-CoV-2.” | 0.98 | hgnc_dict_v1 |